Lignumvitae Key Botanical State Park is situated one mile west of U.S. 1 at mile marker 78.5. Covering a total area of 280 acres, the park includes Lignumvitae Key, Shell Key, surrounding submerged lands, and a parcel at the northern end of Lower Matecumbe Key. The parks unique name, Lignumvitae, translates to wood of life in Latin, referring to the rare lignum vitae trees that dominate its landscape.

This tranquil haven is a remarkable example of the Florida Keys diverse ecosystems and is home to various endangered plants, insects, and birds. To preserve this unique habitat, visitors can only access the park by boat, making it an exclusive experience for those seeking solitude amidst natures beauty.

The lignum vitae tree (Guaiacum sanctum) itself is a fascinating feature of the park. Renowned for its hard and dense wood, this evergreen species was used extensively in shipbuilding during the 16th to 18th centuries due to its resistance to water and insects. In addition to its historical significance, these trees also support a thriving ecosystem by providing shade and shelter to various fauna in the park.

Birdwatchers will be particularly delighted with the parks avian residents, which include several endangered species like the white-crowned pigeon, mangrove cuckoo, and the Florida scrub jay. The park is also home to the unique Key deer, a small species of deer that can only be found in the Florida Keys.

Lignumvitae Key Botanical State Park offers various recreational activities for visitors, such as hiking, birdwatching, snorkeling, and picnicking. With its rich natural beauty and historical significance, this park truly represents an unspoiled piece of South Floridas natural history.