Welcome to the Beaufort Historic District, a remarkable area that tells the tale of one of South Carolina’s most storied cities. Chartered in 1711, Beaufort is the second-oldest city in South Carolina, following Charleston. Named after Henry Somerset, 2nd Duke of Beaufort, this city has witnessed centuries of history unfold, from its early days as a shipbuilding hub to its role during the Civil War and Reconstruction Era.
In the early 1500s, Spanish explorer Captain Pedro de Salazar was among the first Europeans to explore this region. However, it wasn’t until the British colonists arrived in 1711 that Beaufort was officially founded. Despite early challenges such as attacks from Native American tribes and looming threats from the Spanish Empire, the town slowly grew, eventually becoming a bustling center for shipbuilding.
Beaufort’s prosperity peaked during the antebellum period, as it became a central hub for the Lowcountry’s elite planters. However, the Civil War dramatically altered the course of the city’s history. After the Battle of Port Royal in 1861, Union forces occupied Beaufort, leading to a unique situation where the city became a haven for escaping slaves. The Union declared these individuals emancipated and initiated educational efforts to prepare them for independence, marking a significant moment in the Reconstruction Era.
Notable figures such as Robert Smalls, an escaped slave who became a prominent politician and military hero, are intricately tied to Beaufort’s rich history. His legacy, alongside many others, is celebrated within the city.
In the latter half of the 20th century, Beaufort reinvented itself as a tourist destination, with local groups working tirelessly to preserve its historic architecture. The city’s charm and scenic beauty have been recognized nationally, making it a beloved spot in the Hilton Head Island–Bluffton metropolitan area. The military establishments nearby, including Parris Island and the Marine Corps Air Station, have also played a crucial role in the city’s development.
Today, as you stroll through the Beaufort Historic District, you can see a tapestry of history in its preserved antebellum homes, each with stories of its own. This district is not just a collection of buildings, but a living narrative of American history, resilience, and transformation.
