Welcome to the Middlesboro / Arthur Museum, a significant landmark in Kentucky’s rich tapestry of history. Middlesboro, a city founded in 1886 by the ambitious Scottish-born entrepreneur Alexander Arthur, was initially envisioned as the ‘Pittsburgh of the South.’ Arthur’s dream was to transform this area into a bustling city of 250,000 people, centered around the iron industry. With financial backing from English investors, he commenced the construction of the Powell’s Valley Railroad, aiming to connect the Cumberland Gap region to Knoxville.
However, this grand vision faced multiple challenges. The steep terrain of the Cumberland Gap required the construction of an expensive tunnel, and a devastating fire in 1890 further strained resources. Ultimately, the Panic of 1893 and the poor quality of local ore led to the project’s failure. Despite these setbacks, Arthur’s efforts laid the groundwork for the town’s development.
Middlesboro has a unique geographical claim to fame—it is built within a meteorite crater, one of only three known astroblemes in the state. This distinctive feature contributes to a local weather phenomenon known as ‘fogfall,’ where cool air trapped in the crater creates a dramatic fog effect.
Over the years, Middlesboro has undergone several transformations. In the 1930s, it gained a reputation as ‘Little Las Vegas’ due to its vibrant nightlife, filled with gambling establishments and bars. By the 1950s, the city reinvented itself as a cultural hub, known as ‘The Athens of the Mountains,’ with a focus on the arts. Today, Middlesboro continues to evolve, with efforts to revitalize its historic downtown area.
The Middlesboro / Arthur Museum stands as a testament to the city’s storied past and cultural evolution. Here, visitors can explore exhibits that showcase local artifacts, art, and stories that have shaped the region. From historical documents to personal memorabilia, the museum offers a comprehensive look at Middlesboro’s journey through time.
