Welcome to the Jefferson County Historical Society, a captivating center for history in Oskaloosa, Kansas. Established in 1966, this society is dedicated to preserving and sharing the rich history of Jefferson County. It all started with a vision to connect people with their past, a vision that has been realized through the meticulous collection and preservation of artifacts and materials that tell the story of this fascinating region.
Oskaloosa, where the society is based, was founded in 1856 by settlers from Iowa, who named the town after their former home. These early settlers, including notable figures like Jesse Newell and Joseph Fitsimons, played significant roles in shaping the town’s future. In fact, Jesse Newell, a co-founder of Oskaloosa, built one of the first sawmills and served as the town company’s president.
The town quickly became a hub of activity during the tumultuous times of Bleeding Kansas, a series of violent confrontations between pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers. Two significant skirmishes, the Battle of Slough Creek and the Battle of Hickory Point, took place near Oskaloosa in September 1856. These events were crucial in the lead-up to the American Civil War, highlighting the intense regional tensions over slavery.
In 1888, Oskaloosa made history as the first city in Kansas to elect an all-women city administration, with Mary D. Lowman serving as mayor. This progressive move placed Oskaloosa at the forefront of women’s rights, showcasing the town’s forward-thinking spirit.
Over the years, the Jefferson County Historical Society has grown into a vibrant institution. It manages Old Jefferson Town, a collection of historical buildings that transport visitors back in time. These buildings offer a window into the past, each with its own unique story to tell. The society also boasts an extensive genealogy library, providing resources for those looking to trace their family roots.
Today, the Jefferson County Historical Society stands as a testament to the rich cultural heritage of Oskaloosa and the broader region. It’s a place where history comes alive, inviting visitors to explore, discover, and connect with the stories of the past.
