Welcome to the Penfield Historic District in Georgia, a place rich with stories from the past. Founded in 1831, Penfield was once a bustling hub for education and religion in the South. The town was named after Josiah Penfield, a wealthy Savannah merchant, whose legacy is tied to the establishment of Mercer University. Originally part of Greene County, Penfield grew as a center for education when the university was founded here in 1833. Mercer University played a significant role in the community until it moved to Macon in 1871.
During its heyday, Penfield was a vibrant town with several churches, a post office, and numerous homes. The Baptist faith flourished here, with the Penfield Baptist Church being a central gathering place. Influential figures such as Jesse Mercer, a Baptist minister and the university’s namesake, were pivotal in shaping the town’s identity. Mercer’s contributions to the Baptist movement and his role in founding the university left a lasting impact on the community.
However, the Civil War and the subsequent move of Mercer University marked the beginning of Penfield’s decline. Despite this, the town maintained its historical charm, with several buildings from the 19th century still standing today. Walking through Penfield, one can imagine the bustling activity of students and townsfolk from a bygone era.
In a broader historical context, Penfield stands as a testament to the importance of education and religion in the antebellum South. The town’s story is a microcosm of the larger changes that swept through the region during the 19th century, from the rise of educational institutions to the impacts of war and economic shifts. Today, visitors can explore Penfield and reflect on its rich history, imagining the echoes of students and clergy walking its streets.
